The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Harford Farm consisted of two groups of late 7th-century inhumation burials surviving only as stains within a prehistoric barrow cemetery. Of the thirty-one graves grouped on a bluff overlooking the river, most contained either unaccompanied burials or burials with just knife and buckle; but three, all probably female, were lavishly equipped. The fifteen graves further south, loosely arranged around a prehistoric barrow, were mostly 'knife and buckle' burials, but one was more richly furnished. The character of the grave-goods and the manner of burial are typical of 'late or 'Final Phase cemeteries. Although similarity of grave-goods suggests that the two groups of graves were contemporary, there may have been some significant differences in burial rite, coffins predominating in one group and burials in the other group resting on mats of organic material.

The multi-period site of Benbow House lies next to the Thames, and is a fine example of the multifarious and colourful activities that took place in London over the centuries. The earliest extant evidence of human activity within the excavation area was an attempt at land consolidation in the 12th or 13th century. This was followed by three periods of building from the 13th century onwards. Nine or ten buildings can be dated to the 13th and 14th centuries, and probably included the remains of 'stews' - inns or brothels known from documentary sources. Further buildings were constructed in the 16th and 17th centuries, including a possible animal-baiting arena. The final phase of the excavated evidence included the remains of 18th- and 19th-century brick buildings reflecting the later use of the site as a foundry and metalworks.

Three major excavations and other work in Thetford reveal settlement north of the river by AD1000, within a semi-circular defensive enclosure which probably pre-dates that south of the river, but was initially little more than a bridgehead.Occupation peaked in the 11th and 12th centuries, with a shift of people to the north bank, followed by medieval decline.The bones represent a range of domestic animals, dominated by sheep kept for wool, cattle for meat and dairy products, and then pigs. Some stray Middle Saxon finds may hint at re-use of the Iron Age fort as an exchange/market centre.

The site at Ivy Chimneys, Witham, appears to have been occupied continuously throughout the Iron Age, and remained in use until the end of the Roman period. Most traces of domestic Iron Age structures were removed by ploughing, but the surviving ditches seem to indicate more than a simple farmstead. Very large, probably defensive, ditches of late Iron Age date may imply that the settlement at Ivy Chimneys was a focus of activity at that time, and a small amount of circumstantial evidence hints at a religious use for part of the site. The nature of activity in early Roman times is unclear, although there is ample evidence for occupation of some form. The instigation of two large, long-lived, artificial depressions at this time may point towards the beginnings of Roman religious activity on the site. In the 3rd century AD a large, almost square, post-hole structure, interpreted as a Romano-Celtic temple, was constructed on the crest of the hill, and was enclosed by various ditches remnant of earlier activity. A large pond with a sophisticated water regulation system was constructed at about this time, and isolated timber columns may also have been present. A new temple appears to have been constructed in the early 4th century, represented by a continuous ditch enclosing a sub-rectangular area. An adjacent depression contained votive material and may have been used for religious ceremonies, although a pottery kiln appears to have produced only conventional material. The interpretation of a Christian phase in the mid-4th century is based on the presence of a baptismal font constructed of tile, and of a small two-celled structure, possibly a chapel. Other evidence may indirectly point to a pause in the pagan activity, but no specifically Christian portable objects were found. In the late 4th and early 5th century the site was certainly used as a pagan shrine, as attested by numerous votive offerings such as coins and pieces of jewellery. There is no evidence for the date of the final destruction of the site, but the presence of a relatively high number of Theodosian coins suggests continued activity well into the 5th century.

When mechanical ploughing was introduced on Felix Eriths farm in the 1950s, fragments of Bronze Age pottery were brought to the surface. Wherever this occurred, Erith excavated, and in 1960 he published an account of his discoveries which clearly established the importance of the Ardleigh cemetery. The pottery, with its flamboyant decoration, became the classic Deverel-Rimbury ceramic of southern East Anglia. A prolonged campaign of aerial photography revealed an extensive cropmark landscape of ring-ditches, trackways and enclosures. Further excavations in the 1960s by Erith with the Colchester Archaeological Trust revealed an Iron Age round-house, 'Belgic burials and Roman kilns. In the 1970s investigations by the Central Excavation Unit were designed to examine the nature of the cropmark complex and to place the earlier work in context. This book describes the results of both these campaigns. It provides an illustrated corpus of Ardleigh style Deverel-Rimbury ceramics, and an account of the evidence for a rural Roman pottery production centre in the hinterland of Colchester. The nature of the cropmark landscape, and the present condition and potential of the archaeology of Ardleigh are considered.

A report on the excavation of three sites which revealed evidence of change in landscape use. An extensive series was found to run along much of the North side of the Blackwater estuary. Discoveries include Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age and Saxon remains at Slough House, Chigborough and Howell's Farms.

^Aby S.E. West and A. McLaughlin ^DThe volume contains the results of a fieldwalking survey (with results from the prehistoric to medieval periods), information gained from standing buildings, surviving hedgerows and remaining earthworks, all integrated with the main documentary surveys (mainly manorial surveys from the late sixteenth and late seventeenth centuries), and maps depicting land use, tenements, tenant's holdings and free and copyhold land, derived from scrutiny of the main documentary sources. The result is an overall view of the landscape history of the parish, presented with the acknowledgement that much work remains to be done on the numerous original documents that exist.

The initial occupation of the site dates from the Middle Iron Age, represented by pottery and a single building. In the Late Iron Age an enclosure containing a small building was constructed. During the Conquest period a larger triple-ditched defensive enclosure with a central roundhouse was constructed to the south-east of the initial enclosure. The ditches were rapidly backfilled but the site continued in use as a farmstead until the late 3rd or early 4th century. Throughout the Romano-British period the enclosure boundaries were altered, and new buildings added. By the late 1st century the roundhouse had been replaced by an aisled domestic building, this in turn being replaced in the 3rd century by a second aisled building. In the mid 3rd century, four pottery kilns producing coarseware were constructed within the enclosure. Occupation of the site in the Early Saxon period is evidenced by five sunken-featured buildings. The archaeological features were well preserved and detailed post-excavation work has identified c.50 structures, including several previously unrecognised types of building. Large quantities of ceramic finds related to the Romano-British pottery kilns were recovered, as well as Late Iron Age and Saxon assemblages. Notable among the finds is a group of Late Iron Age spearheads associated with the backfill of the defensive enclosure.

The Jubilee Line extension runs through Westminster and north Southwark, traversing some of the most archaeologically sensitive areas of London. The tunnels themselves are so deep that they pass well below any archaeological remains, but there have to be a myriad of holes connecting the tunnels with the surface. This booklet accompanied by colour photographs gives a basic outline of the archaeological remains uncovered during the construction work, from prehistoric tools to a medieval abbey.

This is the first study of goldsmiths who were apprenticed and/or worked in the City of Oxford. Manuscripts in both Oxford and London reveal an enormous amount of information regarding not only their work, but also their personal lives, relationships and politics.

This volume is largely composed of a report of excavations in St. Peter Port in 1980-83, which revealed a later Iron Age settlement with a smithy and stone covered graves. Not only Iron Age material was discovered, Bronze Age pottery also appeared, as well as later finds from Medieval and Roman times. The rest of the study is devoted to the Iron Age cist burials, a special feature of the island, which exist in considerable numbers and have not been fully discussed since the 1920s. A gazetteer of Iron Age sites and finds in Guernsey, Herm and Sark is followed by a brief discussion on the Iron Age occupation of Guernsey and its place in the trade between Armorica and Britain.

Sparse Iron Age occupation was followed by extensive rural occupation, building up over three phases in the Roman period to a large 2nd-4th AD farmstead. In the late 4th century AD this was abandoned for no archaeologically discernible reason to lay the ground for the famous Anglo-Saxon cemetery. Ecofactual evidence for crop-processing (including flax) and artefactual evidence for many craft activities are presented. The large collection of Roman pottery is the first from an excavation in Central Norfolk to receive detailed analysis and indicates fineware flows mostly from the Nene valley. This report fills the gap between Spong Hill 6 (prehistoric occupation) and the cemetery reports, most of which are still available.

The North Shoebury Project was mounted in response to the accumulating evidence for settlement in the Southend Peninsula during virtually all periods from the prehistoric to the present day, especially widespread and possibly continuous from the Neolithic. The site itself lay on a brickearth covered gravel terrace, whose calcareous nature resulted in the preservation of bone and shell. This excavation report includes discussion of the evidence for occupation in each period, and a gazetteer of antiquities of the region.

This is the first report to be published on the Biblical kingdom of Eden, the Iron Age site of Tawilan. Particular attention is paid to the cuneiform tablet and gold jewellery hoard, the first to be discovered in Jordan. The stratigraphy, ceramics and other finds are also comprehensively analysed by Piotr Bienkowski and other specialists, and an overview of the development and nature of the site is provided.

^Aby Brian S. Ayers ^DReport on excavations undertaken off Norwich's Fishergate to the north of the River Wensum, the first to reach Saxon deposits in this important southern end of the city. The site produced the largest single assemblage of Ipswich-type ware from Norwich, imported pottery of Middle Saxon and Saxo-Norman date, a range of 8th-century finds, as well as quantities of later Saxon and Saxo-Norman material. The report examines the excavation sequence; the artefacts; the environmental evidence, detailing knowledge of the river and its environs; the documentary evidence, drawing on material from the Enrolled Deeds and other sources, outlining the development of the area; post-medieval industrial buildings on the site.